There is a correlation between high
levels of the environmental toxin PCB and the distribution of body fat to the
abdomen. This is shown in a new study published May 29 in the scientific
journal Obesity. Abdominal fat is already known to increase the risk of
diabetes and high blood pressure, among other conditions.
Fat inside the abdomen (visceral
fat) is considerably more dangerous that fat near the surface of the body
(subcutaneous fat). For instance, fat in the abdomen has previously been linked
to the development of diabetes. Monica Lind, associate professor in environmental
medicine at the Section for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, together
with Lars Lind, professor of medicine, has analysed data from the so-called
PIVUS study, which comprises more than 1,000 70-year-olds in Uppsala.
From the same material they have
previously shown that PCB can predict the development of diabetes. In the
present study, these researchers measured levels in the blood of 23 persistent
organic environmental toxins in the more than 1,000 70-year-old women and men.
In nearly 300 of them, with the aid of magnetic imaging, they also investigated
the amount of fat in various parts of the abdomen. Previous studies have used
only BMI as a measure of fatness. They found that having high levels of the
highly chlorinated and very persistent compound PCB189 was related to a high
proportion of fat in the abdomen.
"These findings may indicate
that PCB189, which was also related to developing diabetes, may be of
significance in how fat is stored in the body," says Monica Lind.
To understand the underlying
mechanism, more research is needed in the form of controlled laboratory
studies. According to Monica Lind, there are several possible causes. For
example, it would be interesting to study whether there is a hormonal impact on
fat metabolism, an inhibition of the breakdown of cortisol, or an inhibition of
the creation of oestrogen.
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